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Charles Antoine Dominique Xaintrailles, also called Anointe-Charles-Dominique de Lauthier de Chabanon Xaintrailles, (17 January 1769–1833), was a general in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic wars. As a young man, he fought in the West Indies; upon the dissolution of his regiment, he served as a mercenary in several armies of northern Europe. While in Nassau, he developed a liaison with Marie-Henriette Heinikein, of Berlin, who joined him on his travels as his ''aide de camp''. He returned to French service in 1792, and served in several campaigns on the Rhine, and in Switzerland. He avoided execution in 1793, when charged with treason and misconduct by the representatives on mission. In Switzerland in 1799, he suppressed the Valais uprising and captured the Valais border posts with northern Italy. Placed on trial a second time, this for peculation, he again faced a courts-martial, in which he was acquitted. He retired from the army in 1804, but returned briefly in 1813. He was taken prisoner at the Battle of Leipzig, and died in 1833 in poverty. ==Early military service== Charles-Antoine-Dominique was born in Wesel, in the Kingdom of Prussia, the birthplace of his mother Claire Catherine Biben. His father, Lauthier de Chabanon, was an officer in the French army and reported by most sources as an aide to the Marshal of Armentieres, and either a count or an earl. His father was probably Dominique-Nicholas Lauthier, the commandant at Sarrebourg (1738–1742) (M. le Chevalier Lauthier de Chabanon) in Louis XV's service, who was awarded pensions totaling 1,000 ''livres'', upon his retirement, as former captain of Strasbourg militia battalion and as former captain of grenadiers of the provincial artillery regiment of Strasbourg.〔Dominique-Nicholas Lauthier (''seiur de'') former commandant of Sarrebourg (aged 63) received a pension of 300 ''livres'' in 1765; this was enhanced by the National Assembly in 1791. ''Archives parlementaires de 1787 à 1860: recueil complet des débats législatifs et politiques des chambres françaises,'' Paris, 1882, p. 478.〕〔Pierre Lemau de La Jaisse, ''Septième abrégé de la carte générale du militaire de France, sur terre et sur mer, jusqu'en décembre 1740. Divisé en trois parties. Avec la suite du journal historique des fastes de Louis XV.'' Prault, Lamesle, Lamesle le Jeune, 1741, p. 192〕 In 1779, Charles-Antoine-Dominique joined the Royal Artillery Corps. In 1782, as part of the Regiment ''de La Mark'', he embarked for the West Indies. His unit was disbanded in May 1783, and, as a mercenary, he engaged as a simple gunner under the name of Lauthier in the Nassau Legion. He left this post for service in the Regiment ''de Penthièvre.'' In 1789, he took a commission in the 2nd regiment of artillery in service of the United Provinces.〔Hennet, pp 355–356〕 While serving in the German states, he developed a liaison with Marie-Henriette Heinikein, originally of Berlin, in Prussia. The lady adopted the title ''Madame Xaintrailes'' in the hope of convincing Xaintrailles to marry her. They lived together in Germany for a while, but in 1791, he had to declare himself either a citizen of France or not. He returned to Paris in November of that year.〔Hennet〕 In 1792 he regained his commission at the onset of the War of the First Coalition,〔Byron Farwell,''The Encyclopedia of Nineteenth-century Land Warfare: An Illustrated World View'', NY, W. W. Norton & Company, 2001, p. 885.〕 as a brevet captain in the 6th battalion of infantry ''légère'', in the Army of the Rhine. Henriette Heinikein, now calling herself Madame Xaintrailles, joined him as an adjutant. She followed him to Neukirch (June 1792), Hüningen (August 1792) and Wissembourg (1793).〔 Hennet〕 He was promoted to brigadier 8 March 1793 and as ''marechal de camp'', Xaintrailles was stationed with the army of the Rhine, with Henriette as his ''aide de camp''. In August 1793, the representatives on mission Bories, Ruamps and Milhaud charged him with malfeasance, leading to his suspension.〔Hennet, p. 357.〕 Once cleared, in 1794, Xaintrailles was assigned to the body of the Army of the Rhine detached to Blieskastel, Homburg and Kaiserslautern.〔 He was given a brigade of about 3,000 soldiers and assigned to hold Homburg. This force consisted of the 2nd ''Côtes-du-Nord'', 4th ''Saône-et-Loire'', 7th ''Haute-Saône'' and 8th ''Ain'' Volunteer Battalions. In 1795 he commanded a brigade of the Army of the Rhine and Moselle. On 30 May 1796, he was promoted to major general. During the Rhine Campaign of 1796, he commanded a division in the same army, under overall command of Jean Victor Moreau. His division was part of the center of the army, under the command of General Desaix and included 4,800 infantry and 960 cavalry distributed into two Demi-brigades ''d'ligne'', and two regiments of riflemen and two cavalry regiments. He participated in the battles of Maudach on 15 June and Renchen on 28 June.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Charles Antoine Xaintrailles」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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